A Group of Researchers Conducted a Study to Identify Risk

question 591

Multiple Choice

A group of researchers conducted a study to identify risk factors for death after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.  Individuals who had undergone CABG and who are enrolled in a cohort study represent the source population for the new study.  A random sample of 150 of these individuals was selected; they were initially classified as diseased (dead) or nondiseased (alive) based on death following CABG.  Diseased and nondiseased subjects were matched for age and gender.  The frequency of several risk factors was subsequently compared between the diseased and nondiseased groups.  Study results showed that diabetes, cigarette smoking, peripheral vascular disease, lengthy hospitalization, and elevated triglycerides, total cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly associated with death following CABG.  Which of the following best describes the study design?

• A)Observational case series
• B)Nested case-control
• C)Prospective cohort
• D)"Snapshot" cross-sectional
• E)Experimental crossover

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Definitions:

Prove Discrimination

The process of demonstrating that unlawful discrimination has occurred, typically requiring evidence of unfair treatment based on race, gender, age, religion, or other protected characteristics.

Age Discrimination

refers to unfair treatment or practices against individuals based on their age, particularly in employment contexts.

Employment Act

A legislative act that sets requirements for employers regarding the treatment, payment, and conditions of their employees.

Title VII

A provision of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.