An Organization Uses a Database Management System (DBMS) as a Repository

question 81

Multiple Choice

An organization uses a database management system (DBMS) as a repository for data. The DBMS, in turn, supports a number of end-user developed applications which were created using fourth-generation programming languages. Some of the applications update the database. Which of the following is the most important control related to the integrity of the data in the database?

• A) End users have their read-only applications approved by the information systems department before accessing the database.
• B) Concurrency update controls are in place.
• C) End-user applications are developed on personal computers before being implemented on the mainframe.
• D) A hierarchical database model is adopted so that multiple users can be served at the same time.

---

Definitions:

Cash Flows

The aggregate flow of money coming into and going out of a company, essentially impacting its ability to cover immediate expenses.

Transactional Leaders

Leaders who focus on the role of supervision, organization, and group performance; they are concerned with status quo and day-to-day progress.

Transformational Leaders

Individuals who inspire and motivate followers to achieve results beyond their expected capabilities, often by instilling a sense of mission or by transforming the organizational culture.

Mutually Beneficial Exchanges

Mutually beneficial exchanges are transactions or interactions where all participating parties gain value or benefit, often used in economics, international relations, and negotiations.