A DevOps Engineer Must Automate a Weekly Process of Identifying

question 70

Multiple Choice

A DevOps Engineer must automate a weekly process of identifying unnecessary permissions on a per-user basis, across all users in an AWS account. This process should evaluate the permissions currently granted to each user by examining the user's attached IAM access policies compared to the permissions the user has actually used in the past 90 days. Any differences in the comparison would indicate that the user has more permissions than are required. A report of the deltas should be sent to the Information Security team for further review and IAM user access policy revisions, as required. Which solution is fully automated and will produce the MOST detailed deltas report?

• A) Create an AWS Lambda function that calls the IAM Access Advisor API to pull service permissions granted on a user-by-user basis for all users in the AWS account. Ensure that Access Advisor is configured with a tracking period of 90 days. Invoke the Lambda function using an Amazon CloudWatch Events rule on a weekly schedule. For each record, by user, by service, if the Access Advisor Last Accesses field indicates a day count instead of "Not accesses in the tracking period," this indicates a delta compared to what is in the user's currently attached access polices. After Lambda has iterated through all users in the AWS account, configure it to generate a report and send the report using Amazon SES.
• B) Configure an AWS CloudTrail trail that spans all AWS Regions and all read/write events, and point this trail to an Amazon S3 bucket. Create Amazon Athena table and specify the S3 bucket ARN in the CREATE TABLE query. Create an AWS Lambda function that accesses the Athena table using the SDK, which performs a SELECT , ensuring that the WHERE clause includes userIdentity , eventName , and eventTime .  Compare the results against the user's currently attached IAM access policies to determine any deltas. Configure an Amazon CloudWatch Events schedule to automate this process to run once a week. Configure Amazon SES to send a consolidated report to the Information Security team. Configure an AWS CloudTrail trail that spans all AWS Regions and all read/write events, and point this trail to an Amazon S3 bucket. Create Amazon Athena table and specify the S3 bucket ARN in the CREATE TABLE query. Create an AWS Lambda function that accesses the Athena table using the SDK, which performs a SELECT , ensuring that the WHERE clause includes userIdentity , eventName , and eventTime .  Compare the results against the user's currently attached IAM access policies to determine any deltas. Configure an Amazon CloudWatch Events schedule to automate this process to run once a week. Configure Amazon SES to send a consolidated report to the Information Security team.
• C) Configure VPC Flow Logs on all subnets across all VPCs in all regions to capture user traffic across the entire account. Ensure that all logs are being sent to a centralized Amazon S3 bucket, so all flow logs can be consolidated and aggregated. Create an AWS Lambda function that is triggered once a week by an Amazon CloudWatch Events schedule. Ensure that the Lambda function parses the flow log files for the following information: IAM user ID, subnet ID, VPC ID, Allow/Reject status per API call, and service name. Then have the function determine the deltas on a user-by-user basis. Configure the Lambda function to send the consolidated report using Amazon SES.
• D) Create an Amazon ES cluster and note its endpoint URL, which will be provided as an environment variable into a Lambda function. Configure an Amazon S3 event on a AWS CloudTrail trail destination S3 bucket and ensure that the event is configured to send to a Lambda function. Create the Lambda function to consume the events, parse the input from JSON, and transform it to an Amazon ES document format. POST the documents to the Amazon ES cluster's endpoint by way of the passed-in environment variable. Make sure that the proper indexing exists in Amazon ES and use Apache Lucene queries to parse the permissions on a user-by-user basis. Export the deltas into a report and have Amazon ES send the reports to the Information Security team using Amazon SES every week.

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