Which of the Following Statements About the Effects of Caffeine,alcohol,or

question 2

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about the effects of caffeine,alcohol,or nicotine on sleep is FALSE?

• A) A single cup of coffee may double the amount of time it takes an average adult to fall asleep.
• B) Alcohol has been shown to reduce the amount of time it takes to fall asleep.
• C) People who smoke one pack of cigarettes a day have been shown to sleep more deeply than nonsmokers.
• D) Poorer sleep and restlessness occur later in the night as a result of alcohol.

Grasp the concept of unconditional positive regard in therapeutic settings.

Understand the brief forms of psychodynamically based therapies.

Recognize maladaptive thought patterns and their impact on mental health according to Beck.

Learn about the effectiveness of cognitive therapies in treating various disorders.

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Definitions:

Negative Reinforcement

A behavior modification technique that involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.

Primary Reinforcers

Innate reinforcing qualities like food, water, or rest that do not need to be learned because they are naturally satisfying.

Fixed-interval Schedule

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is rewarded only after a specified amount of time has elapsed.

Discriminative Stimulus

A stimulus in the environment that signals the availability of reinforcement or punishment, guiding behavior based on its presence or absence.