Please Read the Clinical Scenario, and Then Answer the Question

question 59

Multiple Choice

Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the question that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format.
Adam is 20-year-old college student who has come into the campus health clinic. You are the nurse who is admitting Adam and doing his initial examination. He very embarrassingly tells you about his symptoms. For several days, it has been painful to urinate. He has noticed a slight yellow discharge from his urethra that persists throughout the day, whether or not he is urinating. He admits to having unprotected sex regularly, and is concerned that he may have contracted a sexually transmitted infection. Per the doctor’s orders, you send a sample of the urethral discharge to the microbiology laboratory and order a Gram stain. The laboratory reports viewing many gram-negative diplococci and many neutrophils on the Gram-stained smear, suggestive of gonorrhea.
-Based on Adam's clinical presentation and history alone,how could you have distinguished gonorrhea from chlamydia?

• A)Chlamydia rarely presents with a yellow discharge.
• B)Painful urination is the hallmark of gonorrhea.
• C)Chlamydia additionally presents with lower abdominal pain.
• D)Gonorrhea and chlamydia mimic each other in presentation.

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Definitions:

Extinction

In behavioral psychology, the process by which a conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears when the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired: a response which is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.

CS

Short for Conditioned Stimulus, it is a previously neutral stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response.

UCS

An abbreviation for Unconditioned Stimulus, a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any need for prior learning.