Structured Extracurricular Activities

question 30

Multiple Choice

Structured extracurricular activities:

• A) Seem to limit academic functioning, but enhance social functioning
• B) Appear to serve as a protective factor in children's and adolescents' lives
• C) Have not been studied extensively
• D) Are associated with more deviant peers

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Definitions:

Thorndike's Experiments

Early 20th-century experiments conducted by Edward Thorndike focusing on learning and behavior in animals, leading to the formulation of the law of effect.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired: a response which is initially elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.

Conditioned Response (CR)

The learned reaction or response to a previously neutral stimulus, after the stimulus has been repeatedly presented along with an unconditioned stimulus.

Unconditioned Stimulus (US)

A stimulus that naturally triggers a reflexive response without prior learning.