Compare Oswald Külpe's Method of Systematic Experimental Introspection with Wundt's

question 5

Essay

Compare Oswald Külpe's method of systematic experimental introspection with Wundt's experimental self-observation. Compare these techniques to the modern experimental method in which an experimenter manipulates an independent variable and measures its impact (if any) on a dependent variable. Was Wundt's or Külpe's method closer to modern experimentation? Explain your answer.

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Definitions:

Carl Rogers

A pioneering psychologist who founded the person-centered approach to therapy, emphasizing empathy, unconditional positive regard, and the belief in the human capacity for self-guided growth.

Person-Centered Therapy

A therapeutic approach emphasizing the importance of the therapist's empathy and unconditional positive regard towards the client, promoting self-awareness and self-acceptance.

Defensive Reaction

Psychological responses that individuals use to protect themselves from perceived threats or to manage stress, including denial, rationalization, and projection.

Falsification

The process of disproving a hypothesis or theory by demonstrating that it is not universally valid, a concept central to the philosophy of science.