When a Flexible Budget Is Used and Actual Output Exceeds

question 23

Multiple Choice

When a flexible budget is used and actual output exceeds forecasted output, the percentage change in total expenses in the restated or flexed budget will be

• A) Greater than the percentage increase in output
• B) Equal to the percentage increase in output
• C) Less than the percentage increase in output
• D) Zero

---

Definitions:

Extrinsic Reinforcement

Motivation or reward that comes from outside an individual, such as money, grades, or praise, which can influence behavior.

Higher-Order Reinforcement

A process in which reinforcement is given for behavior that meets or exceeds a previously established criterion of performance.

Secondary Reinforcement

A conditioning process where a stimulus reinforces a behavior after it has been associated with a primary reinforcer.

Shaping

A method of operant conditioning by which successive approximations of a desired behavior are reinforced until the exact behavior is achieved.