A New Screening Test for Lyme Disease Is Developed for Use

question 14

Multiple Choice

A new screening test for Lyme disease is developed for use in the general population. The sensitivity and specificity of the new test are 60% and 70%, respectively. Three hundred people are screened at a clinic during the first year the new test is implemented. (Assume the true prevalence of Lyme disease among clinic attendees is 10%.) The predictive value of a positive test is:

• A) 33.0%.
• B) 18.2%.
• C) 94.0%.
• D) 22.2%.
• E) 6.0%.

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Definitions:

Antitrust Laws

Legislation enacted to prevent anti-competitive practices, monopolies, and to promote fair competition for the benefit of consumers.

Market Share

The portion of total sales in a market captured by a specific company, product, or brand, usually expressed as a percentage.

Monopolistic Competition

A market structure characterized by many sellers offering differentiated products, leading to competition that is neither purely competitive nor purely monopolistic.

Oligopoly

A market structure characterized by a small number of firms dominating the market, which can limit competition and lead to higher prices.