Which of the Following Occurs When the Process of Being

question 7

Multiple Choice

Which of the following occurs when the process of being involved in providing the pretest data in some way affects the posttest data?

• A) Testing effect
• B) Selection bias
• C) Instrumentation
• D) Manipulation

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Definitions:

Genetic Trait

An attribute or characteristic that is passed from parents to offspring through genes.

Operant Conditioning

A method of learning that employs rewards and punishments for behavior, emphasizing the effect of consequences on behavior.

Classical Conditioning

A teaching approach where an association is made between a stimulus found in the environment and one that happens inherently.

Nature

The phenomena of the physical world collectively, including plants, animals, the landscape, and other features and products of the earth.