Normal Exhalation Is

question 17

Multiple Choice

Normal exhalation is:

• A) passive.
• B) active, using the external intercostal muscles.
• C) active, using both the external intercostal and abdominal muscles.
• D) active, using the internal intercostal muscles.

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Definitions:

Medulla Oblongata

The lower half of the brainstem, controlling autonomic functions such as breathing, heart rate, and digestion.

Beta-Blockers

Medications that reduce blood pressure by blocking the effects of adrenaline, thus slowing the heartbeat and reducing its force of contraction.

Vasoconstriction

The narrowing of blood vessels due to contraction of the muscular wall, which increases blood pressure.

Muscarinic Receptors

A type of receptor responsive to acetylcholine, involved in various functions of the autonomic nervous system, including glandular secretions and muscle contractions.