What Is the Difference Between Endogeneity and Spurious Correlation

question 9

Essay

What is the difference between endogeneity and spurious correlation?

---

Definitions:

Budgeted Overhead

The estimated costs for overhead (indirect costs such as utilities, rent, and administrative salaries) that are planned for during a specific period in the budgeting process.

Total Overhead Rate

A ratio that calculates the total indirect costs of manufacture (including both fixed and variable overheads) relative to a related cost base, typically direct labor or machine hours.

Direct Labor Hours

Hours worked by employees that are directly involved in the manufacturing process, crucial for calculating product costs.

Manufacturing Overhead

The indirect costs in manufacturing operations such as maintenance, supplies, and quality control expenses.