A Potential Solution to the Criticism of Instrumentalism as Over-Simplified

question 16

Multiple Choice

A potential solution to the criticism of instrumentalism as over-simplified is provided by George Akerlof and Rachel Kranton's idea of "identity utility". They argue:

• A) Ethno-national chauvinism is shaped by preferences for both material and nonmaterial payoffs.
• B) The strategic calculus of actors can be analyzed mathematically.
• C) There is a "tipping point" beyond which actors are not rational.
• D) Risks of between-group sanctioning is minimized.

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Definitions:

Company Intranet

A private network accessible only to an organization's staff, often used to store, share, and manage internal information.

Policies

Official guidelines or rules that govern the operations, decisions, and actions within an organization or administration.

Organizational Culture

The shared values, beliefs, and practices that shape the social and psychological environment of a business or organization.

Brand Equity

The value and strength of a brand, deriving from consumer awareness, perceptions, loyalty, and associations.