In an Animal Research Study, Channelrhodopsin Is Inserted into Neurons

question 119

Multiple Choice

In an animal research study, channelrhodopsin is inserted into neurons that make GABA (which inhibits neurons) , and halorhodopsin is inserted into neurons that make glutamate (which excites neurons) . Both sets of neurons make connections with a set of neurons responsible for eye blinking. If the eye-blink neurons are stimulated by blue light, the animal will _______ because the _______ neurons will be _______.

• A) blink; glutamate; depolarized
• B) not blink; GABA; depolarized
• C) not blink; glutamate; hyperpolarized
• D) blink; GABA; hyperpolarized

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Definitions:

SCID

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, a rare genetic disorder characterized by the disturbed development of functional T cells and B cells caused by numerous genetic mutations, resulting in a highly compromised immune system.

AIDS

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, a life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), characterized by the weakening of the immune system.

Neutrophils

White blood cells that play a critical role in the immune system by engulfing and destroying pathogens.

Monoclonal Antibodies

Laboratory-made proteins that mimic the immune system's ability to fight off harmful pathogens like viruses.