Refer to the Figure

question 71

Multiple Choice

Refer to the figure.
The figure shows the CO₂ uptake by various leaf layers in a tropical forest. Leaf layer 1, at the top of the canopy, has the highest net rates of photosynthesis and layer 15 has the lowest net rates.
-What principles of production explain this pattern?

• A) Leaves at the top of the canopy are larger than leaves at the bottom of the forest.
• B) Gross carbon uptake is highest in top leaves relative to metabolic losses because upper leaves are in full sunlight.
• C) Respiratory costs are increased in upper leaves relative to lower leaves because of the cost of transporting water and nutrients from roots to the top of the canopy.
• D) The most productive plants in the forest reach the canopy first and maintain their productive advantage.

---

Definitions:

Switching Costs

The costs that a consumer or company incurs as a result of changing from one supplier, product, or system to another.

Entry Barriers

Obstacles that make it difficult to enter a particular market or industry, which may include high startup costs, strict regulations, or strong competition.

Loyalty Programs

Marketing strategies designed to encourage customers to continue to shop at or use the services of businesses associated with each program.

Cost Leader

A strategy where a company becomes the most competitive in the market by having the lowest operating costs.