Refer to the Figure

question 16

Multiple Choice

Refer to the figure.

- If another predator were to begin competing with sea otters for the urchins, they would have a(n) _______ effect on otters and a(n) _______ effect on urchins.

• A) direct negative; direct positive
• B) direct negative; direct negative
• C) direct negative; indirect negative
• D) direct positive; direct negative

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Definitions:

Attrition

The process of reducing something's strength or effectiveness through sustained attack or pressure.

Experimental Design

A methodology for conducting research that involves planning, conducting, and evaluating experiments to test hypotheses.

Correlations

Statistical measures that describe the extent to which two or more variables move together, without necessarily implying causation.

Internal Validity

The degree to which an experimental design is capable of eliminating confounding variables, ensuring that the results can be confidently attributed to the cause-and-effect relationship being tested.