Statistical Controls Allow Researchers to Reduce the Risk of Spurious

question 36

Multiple Choice

Statistical controls allow researchers to reduce the risk of spurious attributions of causality in nonexperimental research. The value of this for establishing causality is ______.

• A) weakened due to the inability to meet the criterion of time order in nonexperimental research
• B) weakened due to the inability to meet the criterion of association
• C) weakened due to the inability to control for all extraneous variables
• D) stronger than the value of random assignment for establishing causality in experimental research

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Definitions:

Facilitator

An individual who makes an action or process easy or easier, especially in learning or discussion contexts.

Scenario Analysis

A process of analyzing possible future events by considering alternative possible outcomes (scenarios), thereby helping decision-making in the face of uncertainty.

Alternative Situations

Different scenarios or conditions that could occur, often considered when planning or making decisions.

Uncertainty

The lack of complete certainty, that is, the existence of more than one possibility in the outcome of a future event.