Use the Following Example to Answer a Set of Questions

question 22

Essay

Use the following example to answer a set of questions:
Tom wants to examine the causes of domestic violence. He wants to start with social theory and then test some of its implications with data. He would like to explain the causes of domestic violence using independent variables derived from previous research.
Erica wants to explore factors related to domestic violence of Latino immigrants, where barely any research has been done. She wants to start with interview data she collected and then identify patterns in her data. She would like to inform future studies with this information.
Which researcher utilized deductive reasoning and which used inductive reasoning? Which type of research (qualitative or quantitative) and (explanatory or exploratory) did Tom and Erica conduct? Provide two differences between their studies.

Comprehend the factors contributing to the development and inheritance of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

Identify the role of social support in coping with stress and trauma.

Analyze the challenges and specific vulnerabilities faced by children in response to stress.

Evaluate the methodologies and effectiveness of various therapeutic approaches to trauma and stress-related disorders.

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Definitions:

Reverse Causality

A situation where it is unclear whether A causes B or B causes A, challenging assumptions about cause and effect relationships.

Construct Validity

The extent to which a test or tool accurately measures what it is intended to measure, and the degree to which it can be said to truly assess the theoretical construct it purports to measure.

Social Psychologists

Scientists or researchers who study how an individual's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.

External Validity

The extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to and across other situations, people, settings, and time periods.