Match Each Term with the Correct Definition

question 22

Multiple Choice

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Transmission of infection

• A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
• B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
• C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
• D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
• E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
• F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
• G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
• H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
• I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
• J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
• K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
• L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
• M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
• N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
• O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
• P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

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Definitions:

Efficiency Loss

Economic costs that arise when market equilibrium is not achieved, or when resources are not allocated optimally, leading to waste or suboptimal outcomes.

Deadweight Loss

The loss of economic efficiency that occurs when the equilibrium for a good or service is not achieved or is not achievable.

Marginal Cost

The extra expense associated with manufacturing an additional unit of a product or service.

Maximum Willingness

Describes the highest amount a consumer is willing to pay for a good or service, reflecting the maximum value they derive from it.