The Following Questions for Readings: "Ethical Issues in Clinical Trials

question 59

Multiple Choice

The Following Questions For Readings: "Ethical Issues in Clinical Trials in Developing Countries," Baruch Brody
-Brody argues that in placebo-controlled trials, if no subjects are denied "any treatment that should otherwise be available to him or her in light of the practical realities of health care resources available in the country in question," the trials are

• A) unethical.
• B) useless.
• C) ethical.
• D) flawed.

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Definitions:

Molecular Clock

The molecular clock is a method used to estimate the time of evolutionary divergence between species by comparing genetic differences and assuming a constant rate of molecular change.

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome, which can result in new phenotypes and contribute to genetic variation.

Lineages

Sequences of species descending from a common ancestor, often shown in phylogenetic trees to illustrate evolutionary relationships.

Ancient Cetacean

Refers to the early, now-extinct members of the order Cetacea, which includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises.