What Can Be Said of Confounding If There Is No

question 88

Multiple Choice

What can be said of confounding if there is no association between the exposure and purported confounder?

• A) There is a positive confounding effect.
• B) There is a negative confounding effect.
• C) There is no confounding effect.
• D) The confounding effect is influenced by effect modification.

Recognize the importance of environmental factors and community infrastructure in disease prevention.

Understand the historical development of public health initiatives and their impact on community health.

Analyze the role of government and non-governmental organizations in the advancement of public health.

Identify key figures and their contributions to public health and nursing.

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Definitions:

Social Class

A division of society based on social and economic status, influencing individuals' lifestyles, attitudes, and behaviors.

Consumer Behaviour

The study of how individual consumers, groups, or organizations select, buy, use, and dispose of goods, services, ideas, or experiences.

Middle East

A geopolitical region centered on Western Asia and Egypt, known for its historical, cultural, and political significance.

Invidious Distinction

involves making unfair or harmful comparisons or discriminations between people or groups.