How Does a Stem Cell Become a Heart Muscle Cell

question 61

Multiple Choice

How does a stem cell become a heart muscle cell, and once it does, can it change to another type of cell?

• A) Genes direct differentiation of a single embryonic stem cell into a cardiac muscle cell, and that cell replicates to grow into a heart; no, the process cannot be reversed.
• B) Genes direct differentiation of a single embryonic stem cell into a cardiac muscle cell, and that cell replicates to grow into a heart; yes, the process can always be reversed.
• C) The stem cells differentiate into an outer population, some of which differentiate into muscle cells, and some of those differentiate into heart muscle cells; yes, the process can always be reversed.
• D) The stem cells differentiate into an outer population, some of which differentiate into muscle cells, and some of those differentiate into heart muscle cells; no, the process cannot be reversed.
• E) One of the stem cells is destined to be a heart muscle cell, so it gradually differentiates into that and then replicates; no the process cannot be reversed.

Understand the relationship between the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) and the spending multiplier.

Comprehend the role of the price level in defining the aggregate demand and expenditure in an economy.

Understand the relationship and differences between the aggregate demand curve, the aggregate expenditure line, and shifts due to various economic factors.

Grasp the effects of changes in the marginal propensities to save and consume on the consumption function and multiplier.

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Definitions:

Compound

An entity arising from the chemical merging of two or more elemental substances.

Aromatic

Compounds characterized by a ring of continuously overlapping p orbitals, leading to significant stability and unique reactivity, commonly found in benzene and its derivatives.

Π Network

An extended system of pi (π) bonds in a molecule, allowing for electron delocalization over more than two atoms.

Anti-aromatic

Anti-aromatic compounds are cyclic molecules that are destabilized by the presence of conjugated π electrons, failing to meet the criteria for aromatic stability.