Kobe, an 18-Year-Old, Is a Freshman in College Taking a General

question 23

Multiple Choice

Kobe, an 18-year-old, is a freshman in college taking a general psychology class. At the moment, they are learning about operant conditioning. Kobe believes that everything can be boiled down to a reward or punishment situation as outlined in operant conditioning. He doesn't see any gray area where someone would complete a task without some sort of positive reward. Kobe illustrates ______.

• A) dual systems model
• B) reflective judgment
• C) dualistic thinking
• D) hypothetical-deductive reasoning

---

Definitions:

Infinite Population

A theoretical or practical concept where the population size approaches infinity, making it impractical or impossible to study every individual in the population.

Standard Deviation

A metric assessing how greatly a collection of numbers diverges from their average value, reflecting the range of difference from the mean.

Standard Error

A numerical metric that calculates the degree of spread or diversity in a data series.

Infinite Population

A hypothetical concept where the population size is considered unlimited or boundlessly large, often used in theoretical models and assumptions.