Gortner, Mahler, and Nicholson Distinguish Managerial Discretion in the Public

question 3

Multiple Choice

Gortner, Mahler, and Nicholson distinguish managerial discretion in the public sector from that in the private sector mainly on the basis of what?

• A) unlimited funds
• B) relationship to Congress
• C) specific grants of authority
• D) access to OMB

---

Definitions:

Ethical Messages

Communications that adhere to moral principles and professional standards, ensuring honesty and integrity.

Other Cultures

Refers to the customs, beliefs, arts, institutions, and all other products of human work and thought characteristic of a community or population different from one's own.

High-Context Culture

Culture in which people rely less on verbal communication and more on the context of nonverbal actions and environmental setting to convey meaning.

Incompetence

A lack of ability, skill, or qualification to perform a task or job effectively and efficiently.