The Loss of Energy Between Trophic Levels

question 27

Multiple Choice

The loss of energy between trophic levels

• A) determines the structure of ecosystems.
• B) is an apparent violation of the second law of thermodynamics.
• C) depends on the rate of primary production.
• D) is due to the inefficiency of photosynthesis.
• E) none of the above

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Definitions:

Adrenal Cortex

The outer portion of the adrenal gland that produces steroid hormones such as cortisol, which regulates metabolism and the immune response, and aldosterone, which controls blood pressure.

Cortisol

A hormone released by the adrenal glands in response to stress or low blood glucose.

Blood Sugar

The concentration of glucose in the blood, an important energy source for the body's cells.

Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Cortex

A major part of the endocrine system that controls reactions to stress and regulates many body processes including digestion, the immune system, mood and emotions.