Jason E Klein and Alan R

question 76

Multiple Choice

Jason E. Klein and Alan R. Fleischman | The Private Practicing Physician-Investigator: Ethical Implications of Clinical Research in the Office Setting
Klein and Fleischman discuss the conflicts of interest in contemporary medical research due to the shift in recent decades from clinical trials based in academic centers to pharmaceutical company-based recruitment of "patient-subjects" directly through private practicing "physician-investigators." They conclude with a number of recommendations to reduce or eliminate these conflicts.
-While 80% of clinical research was based in academic medical centers in 1991, by 1998 this figure had dropped to

• A) 20%.
• B) 30%.
• C) 40%.
• D) 50%.

Appreciate the impact of Freud's theories on the understanding of human behavior and personality.

Recognize the criticisms and limitations of psychoanalytic theory.

Understand Freud's structural model of the personality, including the id, ego, and superego.

Recognize Freud's concepts of conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels of awareness.

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Definitions:

Mean Scores

The average score obtained by summing all individual scores in a dataset and dividing by the number of scores, used as a measure of central tendency.

Standardized Test

A test administered and scored in a consistent manner to ensure reliability and validity across different test takers.

Research Hypothesis

The hypothesis that the variables under investigation are related in the population—that the observed effect based on sample data is true in the population.

Inferential Statistics

A branch of statistics that allows us to make predictions or inferences about a population based on data collected from a sample.