Data Show That When Promotion Is Based on Formal Criteria

question 16

Multiple Choice

Data show that when promotion is based on formal criteria (as is more likely when jobs are unionized) rather than subjective impressions of workers, women's wages tend to be _________ compared to men's.

• A) much higher
• B) much lower
• C) more equal
• D) None of the above. There is no relationship between formal promotion criteria and wage trends.

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Definitions:

Non-Activated Attitude

An attitude or belief that is currently not influencing an individual's thoughts or behaviors because it is not being mentally accessed or considered.

Subsequent Behaviour

Actions or reactions that follow an initial event, influenced by prior experiences, attitudes, or psychological processes.

Mere Exposure

A psychological phenomenon where individuals develop a preference for things merely because they are familiar with them.

Conditioning

The process of learning associations between environmental stimuli and behavioral responses, typically discussed in the contexts of classical and operant conditioning.