Describe the History of Unethical Research That Led to the Development

question 13

Essay

Describe the history of unethical research that led to the development of national standards for ethical research in the United States.

---

Definitions:

Null Hypothesis

A default hypothesis that there is no significant difference or association, used as a starting assumption in statistical testing.

F-ratio

The calculated statistic in ANOVA tests, determining whether there are any statistically significant differences between the means of three or more unrelated groups.

Income Levels

The categorized or continuous ranges of income received by individuals, households, or families, often used in socioeconomic and demographic analysis.

F Ratio

A statistic used in analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine whether the means of several groups are equal.