Select the Best Description of a Case-Control Study Design

question 4

Multiple Choice

Select the best description of a case-control study design.

• A) Examines relationships between a risk factor and a disease outcome at the population level
• B) Creates a "snapshot" of an existing disease and factors that may be associated
• C) Used to determine potential exposures in relation to a disease outcome; a group with the disease is recruited and compared to an equivalent group without disease
• D) Examines relationships between an exposure and a disease outcome at the population level; subjects are followed over time and information on exposures is collected prior to the development of disease
• E) Applies a controlled intervention to test the effect in prevention or treatment of disease; investigators assign who receives treatment and what treatment is given

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Definitions:

Schizophrenia

A significant mental dysfunction presenting with disturbances in cognitive functions, perception, emotions, language skills, sense of identity, and behavioral patterns.

Stressors

External or internal stimuli that challenge the body's homeostasis, leading to a stress response.

Schizophrenia

A chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves, characterized by episodes of delusions, hallucinations, and cognitive difficulties.

Dopamine Theory

The hypothesis that schizophrenia stems from an imbalance of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain.