Which Statement Best Describes the Results of the Multicultural Study

question 41

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes the results of the multicultural study by Callaghan, et al. on the development of social cognition?

• A) Infants/children in all situations achieved similar social cognitive skills, although the timing of early social-cognitive milestones differed substantially by culture.
• B) Infants/children who are frequently taught by instruction are unable to learn through observation.
• C) Infants/children in all situations achieved similar social cognitive skills, although there were some differences in the manner in which these skills were acquired.
• D) Infants/children in most situations achieved similar social cognitive skills, but there were factors (such as maternal education and maternal work status) that affected the degree to which they acquired social-cognitive skills.
• E) Infants/children in all situations achieved similar social cognitive skills, although there were differences in the order in which skills were acquired.

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Definitions:

Systematic Desensitization

A behavior therapy used to gradually reduce phobia or anxiety through controlled exposure to the feared object or situation.

Harmless Stimulus

A stimulus that does not cause pain or damage and is not threatening.

Token Economy

A behavior modification system that uses tokens as reinforcement for desired behaviors, which can be exchanged for various rewards.

Drug Therapy

The treatment of disease or symptoms by administering medication that has been clinically proven to have beneficial effects.