Ion Channels on Photoreceptors That Open or Close Due to Cyclic

question 9

Multiple Choice

Ion channels on photoreceptors that open or close due to cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) are responsible for maintaining the photoreceptor's resting membrane potential, which is usually about

• A) -80 mV, until it is depolarized by light.
• B) -40 mV, until it is depolarized by light.
• C) -80 mV, until it is hyperpolarized by light.
• D) -40 mV, until it is hyperpolarized by light.
• E) -20 mV, until it is hyperpolarized by light.

Understand the role of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin in the effectiveness of psychoactive medications.

Identify the effects of specific medications on symptoms of disorders like schizophrenia, generalized anxiety disorder, and bipolar disorder.

Understand the benefits of atypical antipsychotic medications in treating both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Recognize the use of antidepressants in treating disorders beyond depression, such as bipolar disorder.

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Definitions:

Interacting Individuals

Refers to people engaging with each other, influencing and being influenced by one another's actions, behaviors, and communications.

Role Sets

The array of roles attached to a single status in society, highlighting the complexity of social positions and the potential for role conflict.

Conform

To align one's behavior or beliefs with the norms, rules, or standards of a group or society, often due to social pressure or the desire for acceptance.

Rational Choice Theory

An economic principle that assumes individuals always make prudent and logical decisions that provide them with the highest personal utility.