Spread of Electrical Potentials Throughout the Membrane of Long Receptors

question 41

Multiple Choice

Spread of electrical potentials throughout the membrane of long receptors is arguably more reliable than in short receptors because

• A) long receptors fire action potentials, which do not decay with distance.
• B) long receptors' distance is much longer than that in short receptors.
• C) short receptors fire only sub-threshold potentials, each of which is slower than action potentials are.
• D) short receptors rely on the disturbance of cilia, which can easily be damaged.
• E) short receptors rely on extensions, such as cilia (hair cells) or photoreceptors (retinal layer of cells) to transfer the potential.

---

Definitions:

Radius

A bone in the forearm that is located on the lateral side (thumb side) of the forearm, extending from the elbow to the wrist.

Carpals

The eight small bones that make up the wrist, connecting the hand to the forearm.

Metacarpals

The five long bones in the hand that are located between the wrist (carpal bones) and the fingers (phalanges).

Tarsals

The group of seven bones in the foot located between the lower leg bones and the metatarsals of the foot.