[Solved] What punishment, used in Ohio's prisons in 1880, forced a naked offender to sit, blind-folded, in a tub while steam pipes were made to shriek and electric current was applied to the body? A) lash B) lip C) electric bee D) hummingbird Overhead: Fixed costs that are not directly tied to production levels, such as rent, utilities, and administrative expenses, affecting a company's profitability. Variable Costs: Expenses that change in proportion to the activity of a business, such as costs for raw materials or production volume. Shut Down: A short-term decision by a firm to cease operations temporarily due to unfavorable market conditions. ATC Curve: Average Total Cost Curve; a graph that shows the per-unit cost of production at every level of output.