In a Study Procedure Called the "Impossible Outcome" Task, Babies

question 24

Multiple Choice

In a study procedure called the "impossible outcome" task, babies watch as an experimenter covers two objects with a screen, and then takes the screen away to reveal either one or two objects. Which of the following accurately summarizes results when the babies are just a few months old?

• A) The babies show no sign of noticing the impossible outcome, reacting the same when one or two objects are revealed.
• B) The babies look longer at the impossible outcome, when just one object is revealed.
• C) The babies look longer at the possible outcome, when two objects are revealed.
• D) The babies show a facial expression of surprise to the impossible outcome (one object) but not the possible outcome (two objects).

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Definitions:

Vroom-Jago

A leadership model that helps leaders choose how much to involve subordinates in the decision-making process based on the situation.

Gender and Leadership

The study and analysis of how gender identity and roles impact leadership styles, effectiveness, and opportunities in organizations.

Interactive Leadership

A leadership style characterized by open communication and active engagement with team members to inspire and motivate.

Transactional Approach

A leadership model focusing on the exchanges or transactions between leaders and followers, often involving rewards for performance.