Consider Urban Ecologists Who Are Interested in Whether the Presence

question 19

Multiple Choice

Consider urban ecologists who are interested in whether the presence of high-voltage power lines influences the number of eggs laid by birds nearby. They plan to conduct a two-sample t-test and will assume that the population variances are equal. Their data are as follows:
Near (group 1) : mean = 6.1, SD = 0.35, n = 9
Far (group 2) : mean = 5.8, SD = 0.30, n = 12
Based on the t-test statistic, and using your table of critical t-values, which of the following P-value ranges matches the one for the t-value?

• A) 0.05 < p
• B) 0.02 < p < 0.05
• C) 0.01 < p < 0.02
• D) p < 0.01

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Definitions:

Arousal

Physiological activation (such as increased brain activity) or increased autonomic responses (such as increased heart rate, sweating, or muscle tension).

Incentives

External objects or external goals, rather than internal drives, that motivate behaviors.

Drive Reduction

A motivation theory that suggests behavior is motivated by the desire to reduce internal drives of tension or arousal that arise from unmet needs.

Pleasure Principle

A psychoanalytic concept suggesting that individuals seek pleasure and avoid pain to satisfy their biological and psychological needs.