What Belief Drove Monastic Movements for Religious Reform in the Tenth

question 19

Multiple Choice

What belief drove monastic movements for religious reform in the tenth and eleventh centuries?

• A) The belief that there was no biblical justification for the existence of popes and bishops
• B) The belief that the church had become too worldly and had been corrupted by its contacts with secular authorities
• C) The belief that Islam threatened the heart of western Christianity and that only a spiritually pure church could combat this peril
• D) The belief that secular rulers needed to exert more control over the church, which had become too corrupt

---

Definitions:

Cognitive Dissonance

A psychological phenomenon where an individual experiences discomfort due to holding conflicting beliefs, values, or attitudes.

Ingratiation

A social influence strategy where an individual tries to make themselves more likable to another.

Politics

The activities associated with the governance of a country or other area, especially the debate or conflict among individuals or parties having or hoping to achieve power.

The Rocks

A basic geological term referring to the solid mineral material forming part of the surface of the earth and other similar planets, exposed on the surface or underlying the soil or oceans.