What Belief Drove Monastic Movements for Religious Reform in the Tenth

question 19

Multiple Choice

What belief drove monastic movements for religious reform in the tenth and eleventh centuries?

• A) The belief that there was no biblical justification for the existence of popes and bishops
• B) The belief that the church had become too worldly and had been corrupted by its contacts with secular authorities
• C) The belief that Islam threatened the heart of western Christianity and that only a spiritually pure church could combat this peril
• D) The belief that secular rulers needed to exert more control over the church, which had become too corrupt

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Definitions:

Instrumentalist Attitude

An approach focusing on the practical application of tools, theories, or knowledge to achieve specific goals.

Legal Instability

A situation where the law is not consistent or predictable, often caused by frequent changes in legislation or differing court interpretations.

Protecting the Environment

Actions or policies aimed at preserving and safeguarding the natural environment from damage or degradation due to human activities.

Peacekeeping

Activities and operations undertaken by a military or civilian force to maintain or restore peace in areas of conflict.