Which of the Following Pairs of Criminologists Is Most Strongly

question 21

Multiple Choice

Which of the following pairs of criminologists is most strongly associated with helping us understand that forms of adaptation depend upon the availability of illegitimate opportunities to commit crime?

• A) Shaw and McKay
• B) Sampson and Laub
• C) Cloward and Ohlin
• D) Gottfredson and Hirschi

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Definitions:

Incentive Stock Options

A type of stock option that provides tax advantages for the employee, including delayed tax implications until the stock is sold.

AMT Adjustment

Adjustments and preferences added back to or subtracted from taxable income to calculate the Alternative Minimum Tax.

Market Value

The estimated amount for which an asset or liability should exchange on the valuation date between a willing buyer and a willing seller in an arm's length transaction, after proper marketing and where the parties had each acted knowledgeably, prudently, and without compulsion.

AMTI

Alternative Minimum Taxable Income, calculated by adjusting the regular taxable income with specific preference items and adjustments.