A New Vending Machine Is Installed in the Library

question 71

Multiple Choice

A new vending machine is installed in the library. Ben visits it 5 times and gets a soda every time. Sally visits the same machine 12 times and gets a soda every time. By Friday afternoon the machine is empty. According to the overtraining extinction effect, who will stop going to the machine first when it is empty?

• A) They've both been continually reinforced, so they will stop after the same number of trips.
• B) Sally will most likely stop first.
• C) Ben will most likely stop first because he is frustrated.
• D) Ben will stop first because overtraining slows extinction.

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Definitions:

Consumption

The use of goods and services by households or individuals, constituting one of the primary components of economic activity.

Demand-side Market Failure

A situation where the quantity of a product demanded by consumers does not equate to the quantity supplied by producers due to externalities or imperfect information, leading to an inefficient allocation of resources.

Efficient Amount

The quantity of a good or service that maximizes social welfare, taking into account all costs and benefits.

Free-rider Problem

A situation in which individuals or entities benefit from resources, goods, or services without paying for them, leading to underprovision of those goods.