Spence Assumed That Excitatory and Inhibitory Gradients Interact

question 72

Multiple Choice

Spence assumed that excitatory and inhibitory gradients interact,

• A) magnifying the effect of both gradients.
• B) opposing or reducing the effect of both gradients.
• C) but that excitatory gradients are stronger and tend to cancel the effects of inhibitory gradients.
• D) but that inhibitory gradients are stronger and tend to cancel the effects of excitatory gradients.

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Definitions:

Pessimistic Thinking

A bias towards interpreting events in their most pessimistic light or foreseeing the gloomiest possible outcomes, marked by a shortfall in confidence or optimism about the forthcoming.

False News

Misinformation or fabricated information presented as news, often with the intent to deceive.

Misinformation

False or inaccurate information that is spread unintentionally.

Unmemorable Examples

Instances or cases that fail to make a lasting impression or are easily forgotten.