A Pigeon Is Reinforced for Pecking a Yellow, but Not

question 47

Multiple Choice

A pigeon is reinforced for pecking a yellow, but not a purple, key. When tested with colors similar to yellow, responding falls off gradually as the color becomes more different. Which of the following statements is true?

• A) According to theories of attention like that of Mackintosh, this gradient would probably have been much flatter if there had been no S^Δ and no opportunity to learn the exact features of light that make it a good predictor.
• B) This gradient is a natural function of the degree of similarity between stimuli.
• C) The gradient would have been much steeper if there had been no S^Δ.
• D) The gradient should not be affected by an S^Δ unless the S^D and S^Δ are very similar.

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Definitions:

Induced Compliance

A psychological situation where individuals are subtly coerced into behaving in ways that contradict their beliefs or attitudes, often leading to attitude change.

Group Norms

The shared expectations and rules that guide the behavior of people within social groups.

Incidental Supplies

Items or materials used occasionally and unpredictably in the course of work or daily activities, not central but necessary for completing tasks.

Vital Supplies

Essential items or materials required for life, health, and wellbeing, especially during emergencies or in medical settings.