Which Statement Is False

question 31

Multiple Choice

Which statement is false?

• A) Guthrie and Tolman claimed that instrumental learning results from contiguity of behavior and outcomes.
• B) Thorndike and Guthrie claimed that instrumental learning involves S-R associations.
• C) Tolman and Thorndike claimed that reward reduces interference from competing behaviors because it changes the situation.
• D) According to Hull, behavior is intended to reducing drive, regardless of learning.

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Definitions:

Annual Payroll

The total amount of wages, salaries, bonuses, and other compensation paid by a business to its employees over a year.

Business Days

Days of the week excluding weekends and public holidays, typically Monday through Friday, when business operations are conducted.

Fixed Charge Coverage

A financial metric evaluating how well a company can pay off its fixed expenses, like interest and leases, using its earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA).

Times Interest Earned Ratio

A measure of a company's ability to meet its interest obligations, calculated as earnings before interest and taxes divided by interest expense.