What Kind of Variable Can Have a Hidden Effect on Your

question 13

Multiple Choice

What kind of variable can have a hidden effect on your experiment's outcome causing you to incorrectly infer a spurious correlation?

• A) confounding
• B) reacting
• C) sampling
• D) intentional

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Definitions:

Shaping

A method of training or teaching by which successive approximations toward a desired behavior are reinforced.

Reinforcer

Any stimulus that increases the likelihood that a preceding behavior will occur again.

Discriminative Stimuli

Stimuli that signal the availability of reinforcement or punishment, influencing the likelihood of a specific behavior occurring.

Discriminative Stimulus

A type of stimulus that signals the availability of reinforcement or punishment, guiding the organism's behavior towards or away from specific responses.