Paul Is 38 and Has Been a Heroin Junkie Since

question 8

Multiple Choice

Paul is 38 and has been a heroin junkie since the age of 17. To support his habit, he commits minor burglaries and robberies; he has been caught and convicted five times. Paul wants to quit using drugs and committing crime, but he has been unable to find a good job because of his previous convictions. He has also had difficulty forming healthy relationships because of his lifestyle. According to Moffitt's developmental taxonomy, what could be said of Paul?

• A) He is a life course persistent offender.
• B) He is an adolescent limited offender.
• C) Paul is experiencing the phenomenon of "cumulative continuity."
• D) Both a and c
• E) Both b and c

---

Definitions:

Golden Handcuffs

Financial incentives or contractual agreements designed to retain valuable employees by offering benefits that they would lose if they leave before a certain period.

Continuance Commitment

An employee's loyalty to an organization based on the costs they associate with leaving, such as losing benefits or facing a lack of suitable job alternatives.

Job Evaluations

are systematic processes used by organizations to determine the relative value, importance, or complexity of a job in relation to other jobs within the organization.

Reward System

A structured scheme within organizations to incentivize and recognize employee performance, contributing to motivation and job satisfaction.