Which of the Following Is False with Regard to Braithwaite's

question 2

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is false with regard to Braithwaite's reintegrative shaming theory?

• A) It says communist societies have higher levels of crime than capitalist societies.
• B) It draws on labeling, control, subcultural, and social learning theories.
• C) It suggests that disintegrative shaming is beneficial because it allows law enforcement to keep track of offenders.
• D) It is a clear example of conceptual integration.
• E) It argues that reintegrative shaming creates a society of outcasts and strengthens the criminal subcultures.

---

Definitions:

Dual Federalism

A concept of federalism where state and federal governments are seen as co-equal sovereign powers operating separately within their respective spheres of influence.

Regression

A statistical method used for estimating the relationships among variables, often used to determine the strength and character of the relationship between one dependent variable and one or more independent variables.

Cooperative Federalism

A concept of federalism where national, state, and local governments interact cooperatively and collectively to solve common problems, rather than making policies separately.

Layer Cake

A cake having multiple layers separated by filling or frosting, known for its decorative appearance and variety in flavors.