Participatory Action Research Was Linked to the Following Trends Below

question 31

Multiple Choice

Participatory action research was linked to the following trends below EXCEPT ______.

• A) the radical and reformist approaches to international economic development assistance
• B) the view of adult education as an empowering alternative to traditional approaches to education
• C) the ongoing debate within the social sciences over the dominant social science paradigm
• D) the ongoing debate within women's studies about the gender wage pay gap.

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Definitions:

Exchange

The act of giving one thing and receiving another in return, often used in the context of trading goods, services, or currencies.

Production-oriented Era

Refers to a period in business history where the focus was primarily on production efficiency, manufacturing, and product capabilities rather than the needs or desires of customers.

Sales-oriented Era

A period in business history when the main focus of companies was increasing sales, often without regard to customer needs or satisfaction.

Market-oriented Era

The Market-oriented Era is a phase in marketing history characterized by a focus on meeting customers' needs and desires, understanding market demand, and creating value through marketing activities.