Under Which Type of Studies Is the Chance of Confounding

question 29

Multiple Choice

Under which type of studies is the chance of confounding reduced or less likely?

• A) observational
• B) experimental
• C) cross-sectional
• D) longitudinal

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Definitions:

Emotional Stability

A personality trait indicating the ability to remain calm and composed under stress, experiencing emotions without excessive negativity.

Conscientious

Characterized by being diligent, careful, and meticulous; often associated with a strong sense of duty and responsibility.

Rank-Order Reversal

An occurrence where the position of individuals or items in a ranked list changes significantly, indicating a change in their relative standings or magnitudes over time.

Cumulative Continuity

refers to the psychological concept that personality traits become more stable and pronounced over time through the accumulation of consistent patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.