If an Association Between Two Variables Is Determined to Be

question 33

Multiple Choice

If an association between two variables is determined to be causal, which two criteria could be used to strengthen the validity of that determination?

• A) empirical association and mechanism
• B) mechanism and doseresponse
• C) nonspuriousness and time order
• D) time order and doseresponse

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Definitions:

Economic Models

Simplified versions of reality used by economists to understand and predict economic behavior and outcomes.

Real World

A term referring to actual existence or happening in life, outside of theoretical constructs or simulated environments.

Mortgage-Backed Securities

Financial instruments secured by a pool of mortgage loans, allowing investors to earn interest from payments on these mortgages.

Economic Models

Simplified representations of complex economic processes, used to predict future economic events or understand economic dynamics through mathematical or computational simulations.