The Matthew Effect Says That, in General

question 62

Multiple Choice

The Matthew effect says that, in general,

• A) the more a scientist is paid, the more successful they will be
• B) scientists working in private laboratories achieve more than those who are employed by public universities
• C) those who have early advantages in their career in science are more likely than those who do not to have further advantages over the course of their career
• D) most scientists peak at an early stage of their career and achieve relatively little after their mid-career

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Definitions:

Distribution Shape

Describes the arrangement and frequency of data points in a dataset, indicating patterns such as normal, skewed, or uniform distributions.

Coefficient Of Variation

A measure of relative variability calculated as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean.

Skewness

A measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean.

5-number Summary

A descriptive statistics tool that consists of the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum of a data set.