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What is meant by the term "hedonistic calculus"?
Escape
A type of behavior or response aimed at getting away from an unpleasant or aversive situation.
Unpleasant
An emotional response to stimuli that are considered to be disagreeable, uncomfortable, or distressing.
Passive Avoidance
A learning process where an individual learns to withhold a specific behavior to prevent an unpleasant outcome, often studied in the context of fear conditioning.
Active Avoidance
A type of learning in which an organism learns to prevent an aversive stimulus by making a particular response.
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