Consider Figure 6

question 33

Multiple Choice

Consider figure 6.3 In the text and perform the exercise. Why does the tip of the pencil seem to disappear?

• A) Light reflected from the pencil tip is coming into contact only with photoreceptors in the fovea.
• B) Light reflected from the pencil tip is coming into contact with blood vessels rather than photoreceptors.
• C) No light is being reflected from the pencil tip.
• D) Both eyes must be open to properly focus on an object at this distance.

---

Definitions:

Negative Reinforcement

Negative reinforcement involves the removal of an undesirable or unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a particular behavior being repeated.

Positive Reinforcement

A process in psychology that involves increasing the likelihood of a behavior by following it with a desirable consequence or reward.

Negative Reinforcement

A process in behavioral psychology where the removal of an unpleasant stimulus strengthens or increases the probability of a response.

Conditioned Taste Aversion

The learned avoidance of a certain food or drink because it has been associated with an unpleasant or aversive experience.